Hardanger Fillings

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Hardanger Fillings and Kloster Block Shapes
Hardanger Tutorial 2
Hardanger Filler Stitches

© Lorelei Halley 2011

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Kinds of Blocks & Units
Reinforcements for Fabric Bars
Fillings
Divided Bars
Solid Center Square
Empty Center Square
Hybrid Unit
Larger Holes

* Names for different kinds of blocks. Some names for different shapes just because there is no standard nomenclature.
			6 kloster diamond
A kloster block is a group of satin stitches. A kloster unit is the entire motif whose edges are bound by kloster blocks and which have some cut spaces in the center for woven or overcast bars and Hardanger fillings.


12 thread unit	12 thread unit, alternate cutting	4 kloster diamond unit	6 kloster diamond unit	hybrid unit

20 thread unit	20 thread unit, alternate cutting	20 thread unit, alternate cutting	20 thread unit, alternate cutting
These occupy the same amount of threads on the fabric and can be substituted for each other.
These 3 also occupy the same number of threads on the fabric, and can be substituted for each other.

A 12 thread kloster unit The area enclosed by the kloster blocks contains 12 by 12 fabric threads. It usually has a solid block in the middle. Usually cutting is done: cut 4, leave 4, cut 4	turret shaped kloster blocks
Stitch diagrams for how the klosters were worked, for the row above.
	hill shaped kloster blocks	hill shaped kloster blocks	hill shaped kloster blocks	turret shaped kloster blocks
I found the hill/turret/bar description in a pamphlet by Marion Scoular, and I think it useful. Stitch diagram matches kloster blocks from row above.
	star shaped kloster blocks	Stitch diagram for star kloster
AA 12 thread kloster unit, alternate cutting. With this cutting method, eyelets are usually worked in the corners. There is an empty space in the middle. Cutting is done: leave 4, cut 4, leave 4	turret	turret kloster blocks
B 20 thread kloster unit The area enclosed by the kloster blocks contains 20 by 20 fabric threads. It has an empty square in the middle. Cutting is usually done: cut 4, leave 4, cut 4, leave 4, cut 4	turret 4-8-12-8-4

20 thread units, different shapes of kloster blocks. Any filling can be used that fits into 20 thread unit.	444466668888866664444 turret	444444445676544444444 hill	bar kloster blocks
C 28 thread kloster unit The area enclosed by the kloster blocks contains 28 by 28 fabric threads. It has a solid block in the middle.
D 4 kloster diamond Each side of the diamond shape has 4 kloster blocks in a diagonal row. It has an empty square in the middle.

E 6 kloster diamond Each side of the diamond shape has 6 kloster blocks in a diagonal row. It has an empty square in the middle.
F 8 kloster diamond
G hybrid unit with different cutting This unit occupies the same space on the cloth that a 6 kloster diamond does, but the 13 stitch kloster across the top causes a solid block in the center, instead of an empty space. So it requires different fillings. Any filling for a 12 thread unit will fit in the middle of the space.

* The first two rows show basic ways to reinforce the fabric threads that remain after the cutting is done. Row 3 shows the simplest, most common fillings. I will add more as I discover them and work samples.
Row 1 fabric bars bk	woven bars	woven bars with loop picots	woven bars with bullion picots (post stitch picots)	uneven woven bars	overcast bars
Row 2 divided bars

Fillings *

Hardanger Lace Fillings: Below are some of the ways to reinforce the bars and decorate the cut out areas of Hardanger motifs with filling stitches.

Hardanger Lace Fillings

Hardanger fillings fall into a few categories:

1. those have a solid square in the middle,
2. those having an empty square in the middle,
3. some based on divided bars, either woven or overcast/wrapped,
4. hybrid units having a solid square in the middle
5. some in the 1st category have so many layers and so much thread that they need larger than usual holes and
6. those for narrow diagonal bands.

Row 3 The simplist fillings
Row 3a

		Put an extra twist on each leg to make the square smaller. Work loose for best result.
Row 3b	The filling is made with one long thread. I showed it in 2 colors to make it easier to see the circle on top of the crossed bars.

* 1. Fillings requiring a solid square in the middle. These fit into 12 thread units, 20 thread units or hybrid units. They require 4 empty squares with a solid square in the center. Rows below show fillings based on twisted bars put in with a needle. There are 1, 2 or 3 or 4 bars, crossed bars, and branched bars (Y bars). Then additional layers of needle fillings can be worked on top of or incorporating the twisted bars.
one twisted bar

one twisted bar plus
2 twisted bars

3 twisted bars
4 twisted bars	I don't have examples yet.
crossed twisted bar
		The filling is made with one long thread. I showed it in 2 colors to make it easier to see the circle on top of the crossed bars.

branched bars (twisted Y)



Other fillings for 12 thread units.

2. Fillings for any unit with an empty square in the middle: a single empty square. *
Fillings for 4 kloster diamonds. Any filling for a single empty square, which does not have directionality, will work.

Alternate cutting: This group of fillings requires cutting a 12 thread unit in different places. Therefore they cannot be interchanged with other fillings for 12 thread units.
Fillings for 20 thread units (or larger) and 6 kloster diamonds, or for any with at least 9 empty squares, and an empty square in the middle. 20 thread unit has 20 fabric threads inside the area defined by the kloster blocks. Each block is 4 threads. Each bar is 4 threads. klst-bar-klst-bar-klst 4---4---4---4---4 5 times 4 = 20
20 thread unit 6 kloster diamond
Fillings for 20 thread kloster unit or 6 kloster diamond.
Fillings for the 20 thread unit also fit into a 6 kloster diamond.
			The filling can be arranged as the square filet left.

3. Fillings for divided bars. The fabric threads left after cutting can be divided and then reinforced with overcasting or needleweaving. bk And there are certain fillings which use these divided bars as a base. Divided bars can be worked on any size unit, but not all fillings will work well in all units.
divided fabric bars				Dove's eyes will work in any size or shape unit.
more divided fabric bars	Maltese cross and branched bars need 4 empty squares around a central solid square.	Maltese cross works best on overcast bars.	Branched twisted bar facing inward can be worked on woven or overcast bars.	Pull the Y a little to make the divided bars curve and open up a little space, as at left.

4. Hybrid unit * This type has a 13 stitch kloster across the top, 2 normal klosters on the diagonal, and another 13 stitch kloster on the side.
Fillings for 20 thread units will not fit into the units at right, because they do not have an empty square in the middle, but a solid block. Any filling from with a solid center block will fit into a hybrid unit.

5a. How to get larger spaces for fillings -- Alternate cutting for 20 thread unit * Some of the fillings for 12 thread units have so many elements added on top of each other that the decoration is hard to see, even if worked in a much finer thread than usual. These will be shown off to better advantage if worked in a larger space, such as a 20 thread unit in which the cutting is done differently. The fillings for 12 thread units have a solid square in the center, surrounded by 4 empty squares. They can be worked on any larger size unit which has a solid square in the center.
usual cutting cut 4, leave 4, cut 4, leave 4, cut 4	cut 8, leave 4, cut 8	cut 7 leave 6 cut 7	cut 6, leave 8, cut 6

5b. You can get a larger hole by using the 7 stitches over 6 threads system	*
Compare the 2 systems: 5 st over 4 threads LEFT and 7 st over 6 threads RIGHT
6. Fillings for narrow diagonal bands	I don't have examples yet.

Interesting fillings I have found in online photos: http://www.flickr.com/photos/30406806@N07/sets/72157624870958504/with/4953643691/

I will add more fillings as I find them and work examples.

Created August 13, 2011. Last edited: 03/09/13 Contact me at lhalley@bytemeusa.com